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Message for students 2025:Tetsuo Kawakami

March 19, 2025

Leveraging experience in a different industry and research area for quantum cryptography research

Tetsuo Kawakami
Assistant Manager
Advanced Network Research Laboratories

After completing a master’s program with research on quantum communications, Kawakami joined NEC in 2018 with hopes to be involved in space business. In the same year, he engaged in the design and development of radio frequency communication devices for satellite installation at NEC Space Technologies, Ltd. Later, he returned to NEC in December 2021 and was transferred to the Laboratories to work on quantum cryptography. His research papers have been accepted at top-level international conferences. He has given many presentations at academic conferences in Japan and abroad as part of his active efforts in the academia.

From space business developer to quantum cryptography researcher

I used to specialize in the research of quantum communications in university. It is close to what I am working on now, which is quantum cryptography. However, for about three years and a half after joining NEC, I engaged in a completely different job. I was assigned to work at NEC Space Technologies, Ltd., an NEC Group company, for design and development of radio frequency communication devices to be installed on satellites. This is what I originally wanted to do before joining NEC. I believed that the fastest way to expand quantum communications networks (which I researched as a student) to a global scale is to utilize satellites. The reason for seeking a job at NEC was because it was a rare company that engages in both satellite development business and quantum cryptography research.

My three and a half years at NEC Space Technologies was full of excitement and challenges. I soldered and made an electrical circuit that I designed myself for evaluation purposes, I formulated instructions in cooperation with the on-site staff so as to facilitate the flow of the manufacturing inspection process, and sometimes I rushed to investigate the cause of defects in products while delivery time was nearing. It was full of challenges and exciting tasks that were only possible at the forefront of development.

However, later I found that NEC was internally recruiting a quantum cryptography researcher. NEC has an internal transfer system where employees can apply for a position in a different division that is recruiting. While I found development to be rewarding, I wanted to try some other job that is closer in nature to research. I applied for the position and here I am now.

This was a shift to a researcher from a development position in a different field, but I didn’t feel much gap. Not to mention my knowledge of quantum communications from my student days, but also my experience at NEC Space Technologies proved to be very helpful. The intuition to detect key parameters and the measurement ability that captures even the slightest differences were cultivated during the three and a half years of experience while I worked hands-on at the development site. This led to my confidence that I can work fine at a laboratory.

Achieving cost effective quantum key distribution network  for wide-range application

Currently, I am doing research with a focus on Continuous Variable QKD (CV-QKD), a scheme of quantum key distribution. CV-QKD is a relatively new QKD method that was proposed in 2000. Compared to the Discrete Variable QKD (DV-QKD), a traditional method represented by the BB84, the cost of QKD  is expected to significantly drop by using this method.

Quantum cryptography provides unconditional secure encryption. It is theoretically proven that the encrypted data cannot be decrypted regardless of how much the eavesdropper's computational power improves.  Once quantum computers, which are increasingly studied in recent years, are put to practical use, conventional encryption methods such as the RSA cryptosystem may be instantly  decrypted. For this reason, quantum cryptography is essential to defend important information in the future.

The current biggest downside of quantum cryptography is its expensive cost. This is limiting the primary use of quantum cryptography to national security as of today. If I can achieve a significantly cost effective  CV-QKD, the applicable range of quantum cryptography will spread rapidly. For example, payment of personal shopping and other commonplace information exchange may become absolutely secure. Achieving such future developments is one of my current goals.

Ever since I transferred to the laboratories, I have been actively participating in academic conferences. This is my third year doing quantum cryptography, and the research papers that I have written during this time have been accepted at ECOC, OFC, and other top-level international conferences. I hope to continue my academic conference activities of showcasing my research results worldwide.

Any experience is an opportunity for learning

After transferring from a business unit to the laboratories, the difference that surprised me first was the freedom of attitude toward tasks. At business units, people are required to minimize failure, which also means that the operational process up to the results must be reported in detail to the supervisor for approval. On the other hand, what is expected at laboratories is not “zero failure,” but rather a “big success.” A wide margin of discretion is granted to each researcher in order to maximize their achievements. While the great deal of freedom does make me feel extra pressure for producing results, the sense of fulfillment is rewarding when you successfully make achievements by working on tasks with ownership. Researchers at NEC Laboratories all work with pride, taking with them such responsibilities and discretion.

What I would like to say to students is that “the first company is not all.” It is a shame if you are narrowing your view or options thinking that you should only work at a certain company or looking into only two companies just because they are the only companies that engage in a specific area of research. We are now living in a world where you have a choice of transferring to another organization after joining a company. My current choice is also quite different from my initial decision, but I was able to make achievements by drawing on my previous job experience. You can always learn something from any experience.

My current goal is to some day make an achievement that I can mark my name in the industry with. It could be a technique, a patent, a product, or any other output. Aiming to achieve a big goal some day, I will continue on with research.

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A day at work

Message to my past self in my school days

Private column

My first child was born last summer, so I am cooperating with my wife to balance between work and parenting by adjusting work hours. I adjust my work load so that I can start work earlier in the morning and concentrate on doing tasks during the morning hours, which is when my child is relatively in a good mood, and try to be home in the evening, when my child starts getting cranky. My secret ambition is to raise my daughter healthy and get a doctorate before my daughter grows old enough to go to elementary school. The happiest moment in my recent life is when I go take a walk in the park with my wife and daughter during the weekend.